Conclusion

Conclusion and general remarks

An attempt has been made in this experimental apparatus to study pressure losses in various components in a piping system consisting of straight pipes, sudden expansion and contraction, bends and valves. The general trends and magnitudes obtained during experiments will be the indication of the pressure loss from various components in the pipe system. However, in practical situations, such combinations are not adopted over a short span length. The normally accepted design criterion for pressure tappings is 30 to 50 pipe diameters away from obstruction. Also, sufficient pipe length has been left between each component in the circuit to eliminate any adverse influence of the neighboring components. Thus, any discrepancies between experimental and theoretical results may be attributed due to three main factors;

•  Relatively small physical scale of the pipe work

•  Relatively small pressure differences

•  Low Reynolds numbers